Engines are used all over the world for different cars, motorcycles, buses, ships, airplanes, railway trains, etc. This article deeply explains the engine types and applications.
What is an Engine?
An engine is a mechanical machine that converts fuel energy into mechanical energy and moves the vehicle. In thermodynamics, the engine is also known as a thermal engine, which produces the macroscopic movement of the heat.
It is a complex machine that is very hard to design. In simple words, an engine is a machine that converts fuel energy into mechanical work. Different types of fuels can be used (such as natural gas, petrol, diesel, etc.) for different engines.
The engine has become a fundamental and crucial part of all vehicles. The vehicles are useless without an engine. Nowadays, engines are used in many applications. They are used in many industries to pump water and in turbines to generate electricity.
In the case of the air propulsion process, it works as an air-cooled engine that uses air to move the fuel rather than to flush the oxidant, as in the rocket.
Types of Engines
The engine has the following major types:
1) According to Engine Position
i) Heat Engines
The thermal heat engine is one of the famous types of engines. It transforms heat energy into mechanical work. These engines work on the principle of thermodynamics. Depending on how they produce the heat, they will be either continuous (not connected) or non-continuous.
The heat engine usually uses air or water as a working fluid that is heated to generate high-pressure gases. The high-pressure output gas is then used to drive a piston or turbine to generate mechanical work.
Heat engines are most commonly used in various applications, such as industrial processes, power generation, and transportation.
ii) Internal Combustion (IC) Engines
In this type of engine, the combustion process of the fuel takes place inside the engine.
They are most commonly used in trucks, lawnmowers, helicopters, and more. The largest I.C. engine can produce up to 109,000 horsepower to move the ship that can hold 20k containers.
Internal combustion engines get their energy from burning fuel in a special area of the system called the combustion chamber.
This type of engine contains a piston, combustion chamber, compression chamber, fuel pump/fuel injector, and spark plug. They have the capability to use different types of fuels like petrol, diesel, and gas. They are more efficient and powerful than external combustion engines.
Read Also: Different types of IC Engines
iii) External Combustion Engines
In the external combustion (EC) engine, the combustion of the fuel occurs outside the engine. They store the fuel in a separate cylinder. In some cases, EC engine works similarly to IC but both require heat from burning fuel.
In this engine, as the fuel starts burning, it emits thermal energy. This produced heat is utilized to heat the water and converts it into high-pressure steam. This high-pressure steam exerts a force on the piston, which starts moving up and down inside a combustion chamber. The motion of the piston turns the crankshaft which further turns the turbine or vehicle wheels.
Most types of these engines work on steam. The Stirling engine is one of the common examples of the ECE, which works on steam.
iv) Electrical Engines
An electric engine is also known as an electric motor. It transforms electrical energy into mechanical work. Electrical engines have three types of electromagnetism: magnetic, piezoelectric, and electrostatic.
These engines use the interaction between magnetic fields to produce mechanical work, making them a reliable, efficient, and clean power source.
They have a quiet operation, low emission rate, and higher efficiency than IC engines. They are usually used in robotics, household appliances, industrial machinery, and electric vehicles.
2) Types According to Engine Design
i) Reciprocating Engine
A reciprocating engine is one of the most common types of engine. It is also known as a piston or “recip” engine. It uses a piston for the compression of the air-fuel mixture. This piston reciprocates upward and downward inside a compression chamber.
The up-and-down movement of the piston helps to convert the fuel energy into mechanical work. As the piston compresses the air-fuel mixture, the temperature and pressure of the mixture become very high. A spark plug is used to ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture.
When the fuel is combusted, power is generated which is used to move the vehicle.
These engines have the capability to use different types of fuels such as methane, propane, gasoline, natural gas, and diesel. Piston engines are used in many residential, marine, space, and industrial applications such as motorcycles, cars, ships, buses, peak shaving, and railway.
One of the main disadvantages of the reciprocating engine is that it has less thermal efficiency than the Wankel engine.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Piston Engine: –
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| They have the capability to start and stop very fast. | They produce very high emissions. |
| These need a very short time for initial start-up. | The maintenance cost of these engines is very high. |
| They have low costs than jet engines. | They generate lower-grade heat. |
| These have moving pistons inside a compression chamber | These engines have lower thermal efficiency compared to rotary engines. |
ii) Rotary Engine
The rotary engine uses a rotor instead of a piston. Any of its parts doesn’t have reciprocating motion. It is also known as a Wankel rotary engine.
The rotor rotates inside the engine cylinder. This rotor compresses the air-fuel mixture and produces mechanical power. The output power is utilized to move the vehicle. It has very high thermal efficiency.
The parts of these engines move at a slow speed. Therefore, they are more reliable. They also have fewer moving components than piston engines.
They are used in different applications such as auxiliary power units, chainsaws, snowmobiles, jet skis, go-karts, aircraft, racing cars, motorcycles, and cars.
The main disadvantages of these engines are that they have a high emission rate, produce less power, and use more fuel. However, they have lightweight and small in size.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Rotary Engines: –
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| It has a simple design. | They have leakage issues which reduce their efficiency. |
| This type of engine has lower parts than the reciprocating engine. | They have a low life cycle. |
| It has high thermal efficiency. | It needs high maintenance. |
| It has low operational noise and vibration. | They have a high emission rate. |
Read Also: Working and Types of Wankel Engine
3) Types of Engine According to Fuel Used
i) Petrol Engine
These engines use petrol as a working fluid. The petrol engine uses an air and petrol mixture for power generation. Petrol is also a mixture of carbon and hydrogen.
This type of engine has a piston that moves up and down for the suction and compression of the fuel.
Firstly, air enters the carburetor, and a fuel injector injects petrol into the carburetor. The carburetor makes a mixture of air and petrol and sends it into the combustion chamber.
As the air-petrol mixture enters the combustion chamber, the piston compresses it up to a very high temperature and pressure. But this temperature is not enough that the air-petrol mixture ignites itself. Therefore, a spark plug is installed to ignite the compressed air-petrol mixture. This spark plug is located at the top of the combustion chamber.
At the end of the compression stroke, a spark plug delivers a spark to the mixture and ignites it. The power generated from the air-fuel mixture is utilized to drive the vehicle or other equipment.
These engines have higher rotational speeds than diesel engines because they have lightweight camshafts, connecting rods, pistons, and crankshafts.
The power cycle of petrol engines is completed more quickly than that of diesel engines. They have less efficiency because they have less compression ratios.
These are used in multiple applications such as motorboats, aircraft, motorcycles, chainsaws, portable engine generators, and lawnmowers.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Petrol Engines: –
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| They have more power in terms of horsepower than diesel. | It has a low compression ratio. |
| Petrol fuel has low cost than diesel fuel. | Petrol fuel burns more quickly than diesel fuel. |
| It has a low maintenance cost. | They have a lower life cycle than diesel engines. |
| It has a lower emission rate than diesel. | They have lower efficiency. |
Read Also: Working of Petrol Engine
ii) Diesel Engine
The diesel engine uses diesel as a working fluid. They are less powerful in terms of horsepower than petrol. Diesel is a light fuel. This fuel has a high cetane number, higher compression ratio, and lower viscosity. In this engine, the air and diesel don’t compress simultaneously.
Firstly, the air enters the cylinder during the suction stroke. During the compression stroke, the air is compressed by the piston. The compression stroke converts the air into very high-temperature compressed air.
At the end of the compression stroke, a fuel pump injects diesel into the cylinder, where it mixes with the air. As this diesel touches the highly compressed air, it ignites and produces power.
There is no need of a spark plug or any other external ignition source because the air-diesel mixture ignites itself due to the high temperature of the air. The final output power is utilized to run different vehicles.
Petrol fuel burns more fast compared to diesel fuel. They have very high efficiency because they have high compression ratios. Diesel engines are most commonly used in buses, industrial machinery, motorbikes, ships, and airplanes.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Diesel Engine: –
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| They have high thermal efficiency. | These are less powerful in terms of horsepower. |
| They have a high compression ratio. | They are expensive. |
| These have the excellent fuel economy. | Diesel fuel is expensive. |
| They are more reliable. | They need more maintenance costs. |
| They are best for heavy vehicles and industrial applications. | They have a complex design. |
Read Also: Working and types of Diesel Engines
iii) Gas Engine
The gas engine uses gas as a working fuel. In modern days, these types of engines are used in heavy-duty industrial machinery because they have the capacity to run continuously for a long time. They use oil, kerosene, or gasoline fuel. The gas turbine has two sections:
- Gasifier Section: This section uses to burn the gas, and then the output gas is delivered to the power section.
- Power Section: This section receives power by the gasifier section and turns the wheels of the vehicles via a power steering system.
The gasifier has a compressor with multiple blades around the edge of the rotor. When the rotor starts its rotation, a centrifugal force generates which removes the air from between the blades and introduces it into the combustion chamber. Due to this, the air pressure increases in the combustion chamber.
The fuel pump injects fuel into the combustion chamber and burns, which further increases the pressure. The final output power uses to run the vehicle.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Gas Engine: –
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| It has a low repair cost. | They have a low service life. |
| It has a low maintenance cost. | They have low thermal efficiency. |
| This type of engine has low harshness, vibration, and noise. | These have detonation issues. |
| They have lightweight and small in size. | They have less resale value. |
iv) Jet Engine
A jet engine uses a thrust force produced by jet propulsion to move the aircraft forward and helps the plane to fly fast.
These types of engines are also known as gas turbines or gas engines. The jet engine has a compressor, fan, turbine, and nozzle.
Firstly, the fan sucks air from the atmosphere and sends it into the compressor. The compressor increases the air pressure and temperature according to the requirements and sends this compressed air into the combustion chamber.
A fuel pump is located on the top of the combustion chamber. This pump injects fuel into the chamber and mixes fuel with the air. Due to the high compression of air, as the fuel touches the air, the air-fuel mixture ignites and generates hot gases.
When the hot gases strike the turbine blades, the blades extract thermal energy by the hot gases and convert this energy into mechanical energy. Some part of this energy is used to run the compressor and the remaining part is sent to the nozzle.
The nozzle converts the received part of energy into high velocity and generates thrust which helps the airplane to move forward. Turboprop and turbofan engines are examples of jet engines.
4) Types According to the operational cycle
i) Otto Cycle Engines
Different types of engines work on the Otto cycle. Otto cycle is most widely used in petrol engines. In 1876, German scientist Nicolas August Otto invented the Otto cycle. Therefore, it is known as the “Otto cycle” because of the name of its inventor.
This cycle completes a power cycle in four steps (i.e., two isentropic processes and two isochoric processes). The below-given diagram represents the Otto cycle.
The engines which operate on the Otto cycle have a crankshaft, camshaft, piston, and connecting rod. The piston is used to compress the air-fuel mixture, and the camshaft is used to regulate the opening and closing of the inlet and outlet valves at the right time.
An Otto cycle works in the following four steps:
- Adiabatic Compression
- Isochoric Compression
- Adiabatic Expansion
- Isochoric Expansion
Read Also: Working of Otto Cycle
ii) Diesel Cycle Engines
A cycle that burns diesel fuel and generates power due to the combustion process of the diesel fuel is known as a diesel cycle. In 1897, Dr. Rudolph Diesel invented the diesel cycle. The diesel engine works on this cycle.
The diesel cycle is also known as a constant pressure cycle. This is because, in this cycle, the air compresses at constant pressure.
There is no need to compress both air and diesel fuel as an Otto cycle. It also completes a power cycle in the following four steps:
- Adiabatic compression
- Heat addition at constant pressure
- Isentropic expansion
- Constant volume heat rejection.
In this cycle, firstly, the air is introduced from the environment to the cylinder. This cylinder has a piston that reciprocates from TDC (top) to BDC (bottom) and vice versa. As the air introduces, the piston moves upward and compresses the air adiabatically. Line 1 to 2 of the above diagram represents this process.
When the air is compressed according to the requirements, a fuel pump injects diesel which mixes with the compressed air. The air and diesel mixture ignites itself because of the very high temperature of the compressed air (line 2 to 3 represents this process). During this process, the heat is added at constant pressure.
After the heat addition process, the isentropic expansion process starts (line 3 to 4 represents it). In this process, the air-diesel mixture expands into the cylinder.
The heat of the air-diesel mixture performs work on the piston and forces it to move downward. As the piston rotates, it rotates the crankshaft, which further turns the car wheels and moves the car.
Read Also: Working of Diesel Cycle
iii) Dual-cycle Engines
The dual combustion cycle is a combustion of the diesel cycle and the Otto cycle. A Russian-German engineer Gustav Trinkler introduced the dual combination cycle.
An engine that operates on both the Otto cycle and diesel cycle is known as a dual-cycle engine. These types of engines require more time for burning fuel. However, they have a small size and noise than diesel engines. They also require a low installation area compared to diesel engines.
This cycle also completes a power cycle in four steps (i.e., two isochoric and two adiabatic). A Stirling engine is an example of a dual-cycle engine.
This cycle has the following processes:
- Isothermal Compression
- Isochoric heat addition
- Isothermal Expansion
- Isochoric Heat removal
5) Types According to Number of Strokes
i) Four-Stroke Engine
In the case of the four-stroke engine, a power stroke completes after two revolutions of the crankshaft or four strokes of the piston (i.e., suction, compression, expansion, and exhaust).
One of the major advantages of a 4-stroke engine is that they are environmentally friendly and emit less harmful gases. They have high durability and reliability than a two-stroke. However, they have a complex design and generate low power compared to 2-stroke engines.
The 4-stroke engines are utilized in many applications such as trains, trucks, buses, scooters, and cars.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Four Stroke Engines:
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| They have high fuel efficiency. | They have lower power. |
| They have lower operational noise compared to 2-stroke engines. | These have more parts. |
| The 4-stroke engine has more service life than a two-stroke. | It has a complex design. |
| They have high durability. | It is more expensive than 2-stroke. |
Read Also: Working of four-stroke Engine
ii) Two-Stroke Engine
This engine completes a power stroke after one revolution of the crankshaft or two strokes of the piston. In simple words, as the crankshaft completes its one stroke then a power stroke completes and generates power which is used to move the vehicle.
In this engine, the suction and compression strokes are completed in one stroke, while expansion and exhaust strokes are completed in the second stroke. Therefore, this engine completes a power stroke in just two piston strokes. It also takes low time to complete a power stroke than the 4-stroke.
They generate more power than four-stroke engines. These are used in buses, trucks, and cars. One of the main advantages of two-stroke engines is that they have small sizes and need low space for installation. However, they generate more noise and toxic gases compared to 4-stroke engines.
Advantages and Disadvantages of 2-Stroke Engine: –
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| They have small size. | These aren’t environmentally friendly. |
| They generate more power. | It has low volumetric efficiency. |
| These have low costs. | They have low efficiency. |
| They have low weight. | High emission rate. |
Read Also: Working and Types of 2-stroke Engine
iii) Six-Stroke Engine
It is one of the most common types of engines. Six-stroke engine completes the power cycle with the help of six-stroke of the piston. As a result, the crankshaft revolves three times in one time of the fuel burn.
6) Type of Engines According to Ignition Process
i) Spark Ignition (S.I) Engine
An engine that uses a spark plug for the combustion of the air-fuel mixture is known as a spark-ignition (SI) engine. It is also known as a petrol engine.
The spark plug is located at the top of the combustion chamber. The SI engines have a spark plug, piston, combustion chamber, and crankshaft. As the air-petrol mixture enters the combustion chamber, the piston compresses the air-petrol mixture up to very high temperatures and pressure.
As the air-petrol mixture is compressed according to the requirements, a spark plug delivers a fire spark and ignites the mixture. Due to this ignition process, heat is produced, which is used to move the vehicle.
ii) Compression Ignition (CI) Engines
In the CI engine, the fuel and air mixture ignites due to the high compression of the air. It uses diesel as a working fuel. There is no need of a spark plug for the combustion process.
These types of engines have more compression ratio than the SI engines. They have a fuel pump, crankshaft, piston, and compression cylinder. When the air introduces into the compression cylinder, the piston highly compresses it.
At the end of the compression stroke, a fuel pump injects diesel inside the compression cylinder. As the diesel touches the compressed air, it ignites and generates heat which uses to move the vehicle.
One of the main advantages is that they generate more power and are best for heavy-duty vehicles.
Read Also: Working and types of Diesel Engines
7) Types According to Number of Cylinders
i) Single Cylinder Engines
A single-cylinder engine uses only one cylinder for the compression of the air-fuel mixture.
They are generally employed for light vehicles such as motorcycles and scooters. The size of the single-cylinder engine is from 250 cc to 300 cc.
These engines generate one power stroke after two revolutions of the crankshaft. Therefore, three strokes of the piston are used to kill the frictional resistance of the moving parts, and the power of the remaining one stroke is utilized to move the vehicle. Uneven torque distribution within the cycle causes vibration and rough operation.
This engine also has only one connecting rod and one piston, which rotates with the stationary components to counterbalance their weight. These types of engines also have no mechanical balance. However, by using a counterweight connected with the crankshaft and a very heavy flywheel, the engine reasonably balances, and its momentum creates a relatively stable motion.
One main advantage of the one-cylinder engine is that it has lightweight and small in size. You can easily transfer it from one place to another place, but it is not suitable for heavy vehicles.
ii) Double Cylinder Engines
The double-cylinder engine uses two cylinders for the compression of the air. They are most commonly used in tractors. These also use in the DAF of Holland cars and small German automobiles.
They have heavyweight and large size. However, they have more compression ratio compared to single-cylinder engines.
These types of engines have the following three major types:
- Opposed type
- V-type
- In-line vertical type
iii) Three-Cylinder Engines
These types of engines have three cylinders. These three cylinders install in line. The three-cylinder engine is employed in front-drive cars in which the differential is installed between the transmission and the engine.
It is a type of 2-stroke engine. It means these engines complete a power stroke after two piston strokes. The crankcase works as a suction and precompression cylinder. All the cylinders have their own sealed crankcase section.
iv) Four-Cylinder Engines
The 4-cylinder engine is mainly used in ordinary cars. These types of engines provide more uniform torque than two-cylinder engines.
They are more efficient than the two-cylinder or three-cylinder types. However, they have more moving parts and weight than three-cylinder engines.
v) Six and eight-cylinder Engines
These types of engines ensure more power and smoother torque. The cylinders of these engines are also settled in the following ways:
- In-line
- Opposed type
- V-type
Inline 6-cylinder and V8 engines are used all over the world for different vehicles. V8 engines have a 90° angle between the rows of the cylinders.
The V8 engines with smaller V-angles have also been introduced in the market, but their valves have a complex operating mechanism.
The V-6 engine contains two rows of three cylinders that are angled toward each other. However, the crankshaft contains three cranks, and the connecting rods of two opposite rows of cylinders are connected with the same crank pin. In this engine, two connecting rods are coupled with one crank pin.
vi) Twelve-cylinder and Sixteen-cylinder Engines
The cylinders of the twelve-cylinder and sixteen-cylinder engines have the following arrangements:
- Type X has 4 rows of cylinders.
- Pancake type or V-type has cylinders in two rows.
- Type W has 3 rows of cylinders.
Cars, industrial machinery, trucks, and buses use 12-cylinder and 16-cylinder engines. Ferrari is the only passenger car currently manufactured with a 12-cylinder engine.
8) Types of Engine According to Arrangement of Cylinders
According to the arrangement of the cylinders, the engines have the following types:
i) Vertical Engines
The cylinders of the vertical engine are installed in a vertical position. Therefore, the pistons also move vertically up and down inside the cylinders, as shown in the above-given diagram. They have low weight and easy construction.
ii) Horizontal Engines
The cylinders of the horizontal engine are installed in a horizontal position. Therefore, the pistons also move horizontally up and down inside the cylinders.
iii) Radial Engine
It is a type of internal combustion engine. In these types of engines, the cylinder radiates away from the central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel. The front view of this type looks like a stylized star. Therefore, it is also known as a “star” engine.
They were used in aircraft before the development and popularity of gas turbine engines. In the radial engine, the cylinders install in a circle around the crankcase, as shown in the above-given diagram. This arrangement of the cylinders enables more effective cooling.
(iv) V-Type Engine
In a V-engine, the cylinders arrange at a fixed angle in the two rows or banks. These two rows have a minimum angle as much as possible to avoid vibrations and balancing issues.
(v) W-Type Engine
In these types, the cylinders are installed in such a way that they make a W-type arrangement. All these cylinders are installed in three banks.
(vi) Opposed Cylinder Engine
In these engines, the cylinders are installed opposite each other. Connecting rods and pistons illustrate the same motion. These types work more smoothly compared to other types. They have excellent balancing. However, they have large sizes due to the opposite arrangement of the cylinders.
9) Types of Engine according to the Valve Arrangement
(i) L-head Engine
In this L-head configuration, the exhaust valve and suction valve are arranged side by side, and their operation is controlled through a single camshaft. The cylinders and combustion chambers have an inverted L shape. With the exception of the L-head V8 engine, all other engine valves install in a single row.
In L-head engines, the valve mechanisms install inside the cylinder block so that the removal of the cylinder head can be easy when the engine needs servicing. These are very robust and reliable but not best suitable for higher compression ratios applications.
ii) I-head Engine
In the I-head arrangement, the exhaust valve and intake valve are installed in the cylinder head. In this arrangement, one valve operates to all other valves. The I-head engine is most commonly used in automobiles.
In the case of an in-line engine, the valves are installed in only one row. However, the valves on a V8 engine can be installed in one or two rows per bank. A camshaft drives all valves, irrespective of their arrangements.
The I-head engines are best for high compression ratios. They can significantly reduce the backlash compared to the L-head engines.
iii) F-head Engine
This type is a combination of L-head and I-head engines. The exhaust valve of this valve installs in the block, and the intake valve installs in the cylinder head. A single camshaft regulates the operation of these valves.
iv) T-head Engine
In these types, the exhaust valve installs at one end while the intake valve installs on the other end. However, it uses two camshafts to operate these valves (i.e., a single camshaft for each valve).
10) Types According to Cooling Process of Engines
i) Air-Cooled Engines
This type uses air to cool the engine. These types of engines use metal fins to provide a heat-dissipation surface that increases the cooling process.
Maximum types of air-cooled engines have metal covers to guide airflow toward the cylinder to improve cooling. However, they don’t use water for cooling, which stops issues related to cold weather maintenance. They are employed for scooters and motorcycles.
ii) Water Cooled Engines
In this type, water is used for engine cooling. They are used in cranes, buses, trucks, cars, automobiles, and other four-wheelers, and large vehicles. In cold weather, an anti-freezing agent adds to the water to stop it from freezing.
Applications of Engines
- Agriculture: Engines are used in various agricultural machinery, including harvesters and tractors.
- Recreation: Engines are used to run recreational vehicles, such as personal watercraft, snowmobiles, ATVs, and motorcycles.
- Power generation: They are employed in power plants to produce electricity. Steam turbines, diesel generators, and gas turbines are the most common examples of engines used for power generation.
- Transportation: Engines are used to run different vehicles, such as airplanes, ships, buses, trains, trucks, and cars.
- Industrial machinery: They are employed to run different industrial machineries, such as compressors, pumps, and manufacturing equipment.
- Construction: Engines are utilized to run construction machinery, including cranes, excavators, and bulldozers.
- Marine: They are used to run ships and boats of different sizes, such as large cargo ships and small fishing boats.
- Emergency backup: They are employed as a backup power source for hospitals, houses, and other critical infrastructure in case of emergencies or power outages.
FAQ Section
What are types of Engines?
The engines have the following common types:
- EC engines
- Barra engines
- Stirling engines
- IC engines
- Petrol engines
- Diesel engines
- 2-stroke engines
- Electric engines
- Steam engines
- 4-stroke engines
- Air-cooled engines
- Liquid-cooled engines
What is engine used for?
The engine uses for the following applications:
- Cars
- Trucks
- Aircraft
- Trains
- Scooters and buses
- Hydroelectric power plants
What are the parts of the engine?
The engine has the following major parts:
- Piston
- Compression cylinder
- Combustion chamber
- Crankshaft
- Connecting rod
- Fuel pump
- Housing
- Fuel injection system
- Cooling system
- Fuel pressure regulator
- Carburetor
How to make an engine?
An engine body is made by a casting process. In this casting process, a molten iron pours into a mold made of sand. A forging process is used to manufacture the remaining parts. In this forging, an iron lump heats until its color converts into red hot, and then a stamping machine uses to convert this red hot iron into the required shape.
Who invented the first Steam Engine?
In 1698, Thomas Savery invented the first steam engine.
What is the cc in engine?
The “cc” stands for cubic capacity. The “cc” in an engine represents the displacement or volume of your engine, measured in cubic centimeters. It is a measure of the total volume of all the engine cylinders combined. The engine displacement is usually included in the engine’s specifications, often expressed as a number followed by “cc” (e.g., 1500cc engine).